LogNormalFactory

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../../_images/openturns-LogNormalFactory-1.png
class LogNormalFactory(*args)

Lognormal factory distribution.

Available constructors:

LogNormalFactory()

Notes

Several estimators to build a LogNormal distribution from a scalar sample are proposed.

Moments based estimator:

Lets denote:

  • \displaystyle \overline{x}_n = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n x_i the empirical mean of the sample,

  • \displaystyle s_n^2 = \frac{1}{n-1} \sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x}_n)^2 its empirical variance,

  • \displaystyle a_{3,n} = \sqrt{n} \frac{\sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x}_n)^3}{ \left( \sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x}_n)^2 \right)^{3/2}} its empirical skewness.

We note \omega = e^{\sigma_l^2}. The estimator \hat{\omega}_n of \omega is the positive root of the relation:

(1)\omega^3 + 3 \omega^2 - (4 + a_{3,n}^2) = 0

Then we estimate (\hat{\mu}_{ln}, \hat{\sigma}_{ln}, \hat{\gamma}_{n}) using:

(2)\hat{\mu}_{ln} &= \log \hat{\beta}_{n} \\
\hat{\sigma}_{ln} &= \sqrt{ \log \hat{\omega}_{n} } \\
\hat{\gamma}_{ln} &= \overline{x}_n - \hat{\beta}_{n} \sqrt{ \hat{\omega}_{n} }

where \displaystyle \hat{\beta}_{n} = \frac{s_n}{\hat{\omega}_{n} (\hat{\omega}_{n} - 1)}.

Modified moments based estimator:

Using \overline{x}_n and s_n^2 previously defined, the third equation is:

(3)\Eset[ \log (X_{(1)} - \gamma)] = \log (x_{(1)} - \gamma)

The quantity \displaystyle EZ_1 (n) = \frac{\Eset[ \log (X_{(1)} - \gamma)] - \mu_l}{\sigma_l} is the mean of the first order statistics of a standard normal sample of size n. We have:

(4)EZ_1(n) = \int_\Rset nz\phi(z) (1 - \Phi(z))^{n-1}\di{z}

where \varphi and \Phi are the PDF and CDF of the standard normal distribution. The estimator \hat{\omega}_{n} of \omega is obtained as the solution of:

(5)\omega (\omega - 1) - \kappa_n \left[ \sqrt{\omega} - e^{EZ_1(n)\sqrt{\log \omega}} \right]^2 = 0

where \displaystyle \kappa_n = \frac{s_n^2}{(\overline{x}_n - x_{(1)})^2}. Then we have (\hat{\mu}_{ln}, \hat{\sigma}_{ln}, \hat{\gamma}_{n}) using the relations defined for the moments based estimator (2).

Local maximum likelihood estimator:

The following sums are defined:

S_0 &= \sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{x_i - \gamma} \\
S_1 &= \sum_{i=1}^n \log (x_i - \gamma) \\
S_2 &= \sum_{i=1}^n \log^2 (x_i - \gamma) \\
S_3 &= \sum_{i=1}^n \frac{\log (x_i - \gamma)}{x_i - \gamma}

The Maximum Likelihood estimator of (\mu_{l}, \sigma_{l}, \gamma) is defined by:

(6)\hat{\mu}_{l,n} &= \frac{S_1(\hat{\gamma})}{n} \\
\hat{\sigma}_{l,n}^2 &= \frac{S_2(\hat{\gamma})}{n} - \hat{\mu}_{l,n}^2

Thus, \hat{\gamma}_n satisfies the relation:

(7)S_0 (\gamma) \left(S_2(\gamma) - S_1(\gamma) \left( 1 + \frac{S_1(\gamma)}{n} \right) \right) + n S_3(\gamma) = 0

under the constraint \gamma \leq \min x_i.

Least squares method estimator:

The parameter \gamma is numerically optimized by non-linear least-squares:

\min{\gamma} \norm{\Phi^{-1}(\hat{F}_n(x_i)) - (a_1 \log(x_i - \gamma) + a_0)}_2^2

where a_0, a_1 are computed from linear least-squares at each optimization evaluation.

When \gamma is known and the x_i follow a Log-Normal distribution then we use linear least-squares to solve the relation:

(8)\Phi^{-1}(\hat{F}_n(x_i)) = a_1 \log(x_i - \gamma) + a_0

And the remaining parameters are estimated with:

\hat{\sigma}_l &= \frac{1}{a_1}\\
\hat{\mu}_l &= -a_0 \hat{\sigma}_l

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> ot.RandomGenerator.SetSeed(0)
>>> sample = ot.LogNormal(1.5, 2.5, -1.5).getSample(1000)
>>> estimated = ot.LogNormalFactory().build(sample)

Methods

build(*args)

Build the distribution.

buildAsLogNormal(*args)

Build the distribution as a LogNormal type.

buildEstimator(*args)

Build the distribution and the parameter distribution.

buildMethodOfLeastSquares(sample)

Build the distribution based on the least-squares estimator.

buildMethodOfLocalLikelihoodMaximization(sample)

Build the distribution based on the local likelihood maximum estimator.

buildMethodOfModifiedMoments(sample)

Build the distribution based on the modified moments estimator.

buildMethodOfMoments(sample)

Build the distribution based on the method of moments estimator.

getBootstrapSize()

Accessor to the bootstrap size.

getClassName()

Accessor to the object’s name.

getId()

Accessor to the object’s id.

getName()

Accessor to the object’s name.

getShadowedId()

Accessor to the object’s shadowed id.

getVisibility()

Accessor to the object’s visibility state.

hasName()

Test if the object is named.

hasVisibleName()

Test if the object has a distinguishable name.

setBootstrapSize(bootstrapSize)

Accessor to the bootstrap size.

setName(name)

Accessor to the object’s name.

setShadowedId(id)

Accessor to the object’s shadowed id.

setVisibility(visible)

Accessor to the object’s visibility state.

__init__(*args)

Initialize self. See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.

build(*args)

Build the distribution.

Available usages:

build()

build(sample)

build(sample, method)

build(param)

Parameters
sample2-d sequence of float, of dimension 1

The sample from which the distribution parameters are estimated.

methodinteger

An integer corresponding to a specific estimator method:

  • 0 : Local likelihood maximum estimator

  • 1 : Modified moment estimator

  • 2 : Method of moment estimator

  • 3 : Least squares method.

paramCollection of PointWithDescription

A vector of parameters of the distribution.

Returns
distDistribution

The built distribution.

Notes

See the buildAsLogNormal method.

buildAsLogNormal(*args)

Build the distribution as a LogNormal type.

Available usages:

buildAsLogNormal()

buildAsLogNormal(sample)

buildAsLogNormal(sample, method)

buildAsLogNormal(param)

Parameters
sample2-d sequence of float, of dimension 1

The sample from which the distribution parameters are estimated.

methodinteger

An integer ranges from 0 to 2 corresponding to a specific estimator method: - 0 : Local likelihood maximum estimator (default) - 1 : Modified moment estimator - 2 : Method of moment estimator - 3 : Least squares method.

The default value is from the ResourceMap key LogNormalFactory-EstimationMethod.

paramCollection of PointWithDescription

A vector of parameters of the distribution.

Returns
distLogNormal

The built distribution.

Notes

In the first usage, the default LogNormal distribution is built.

In the second usage, the parameters are evaluated according the following strategy:

  • It first uses the local likelihood maximum based estimator.

  • It uses the modified moments based estimator if the resolution of (7) is not possible.

  • It uses the moments based estimator, which are always defined, if the resolution of (5) is not possible.

In the third usage, the parameters of the LogNormal are estimated using the given method.

In the fourth usage, a LogNormal distribution corresponding to the given parameters is built.

buildEstimator(*args)

Build the distribution and the parameter distribution.

Parameters
sample2-d sequence of float

Sample from which the distribution parameters are estimated.

parametersDistributionParameters

Optional, the parametrization.

Returns
resDistDistributionFactoryResult

The results.

Notes

According to the way the native parameters of the distribution are estimated, the parameters distribution differs:

  • Moments method: the asymptotic parameters distribution is normal and estimated by Bootstrap on the initial data;

  • Maximum likelihood method with a regular model: the asymptotic parameters distribution is normal and its covariance matrix is the inverse Fisher information matrix;

  • Other methods: the asymptotic parameters distribution is estimated by Bootstrap on the initial data and kernel fitting (see KernelSmoothing).

If another set of parameters is specified, the native parameters distribution is first estimated and the new distribution is determined from it:

  • if the native parameters distribution is normal and the transformation regular at the estimated parameters values: the asymptotic parameters distribution is normal and its covariance matrix determined from the inverse Fisher information matrix of the native parameters and the transformation;

  • in the other cases, the asymptotic parameters distribution is estimated by Bootstrap on the initial data and kernel fitting.

buildMethodOfLeastSquares(sample)

Build the distribution based on the least-squares estimator.

Parameters
sample2-d sequence of float, of dimension 1

The sample from which the distribution parameters are estimated.

gammafloat, optional

The \gamma parameter estimate

Returns
distLogNormal

The built distribution.

buildMethodOfLocalLikelihoodMaximization(sample)

Build the distribution based on the local likelihood maximum estimator.

Parameters
sample2-d sequence of float, of dimension 1

The sample from which the distribution parameters are estimated.

Returns
distLogNormal

The built distribution.

buildMethodOfModifiedMoments(sample)

Build the distribution based on the modified moments estimator.

Parameters
sample2-d sequence of float, of dimension 1

The sample from which the distribution parameters are estimated.

Returns
distLogNormal

The built distribution.

buildMethodOfMoments(sample)

Build the distribution based on the method of moments estimator.

Parameters
sample2-d sequence of float, of dimension 1

The sample from which the distribution parameters are estimated.

Returns
distLogNormal

The built distribution.

getBootstrapSize()

Accessor to the bootstrap size.

Returns
sizeinteger

Size of the bootstrap.

getClassName()

Accessor to the object’s name.

Returns
class_namestr

The object class name (object.__class__.__name__).

getId()

Accessor to the object’s id.

Returns
idint

Internal unique identifier.

getName()

Accessor to the object’s name.

Returns
namestr

The name of the object.

getShadowedId()

Accessor to the object’s shadowed id.

Returns
idint

Internal unique identifier.

getVisibility()

Accessor to the object’s visibility state.

Returns
visiblebool

Visibility flag.

hasName()

Test if the object is named.

Returns
hasNamebool

True if the name is not empty.

hasVisibleName()

Test if the object has a distinguishable name.

Returns
hasVisibleNamebool

True if the name is not empty and not the default one.

setBootstrapSize(bootstrapSize)

Accessor to the bootstrap size.

Parameters
sizeinteger

Size of the bootstrap.

setName(name)

Accessor to the object’s name.

Parameters
namestr

The name of the object.

setShadowedId(id)

Accessor to the object’s shadowed id.

Parameters
idint

Internal unique identifier.

setVisibility(visible)

Accessor to the object’s visibility state.

Parameters
visiblebool

Visibility flag.