KrawtchoukFactory¶

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class KrawtchoukFactory(*args)¶

Krawtchouk specific orthonormal univariate polynomial family.

For the Binomial distribution.

Available constructors:: KrawtchoukFactory(n=1, p=0.5)

Parameters

nint, $n > 0$: Number of experiment parameter of the Binomial distribution.
pfloat, $0 < p < 1$: Success probability parameter of the Binomial distribution.

See also

StandardDistributionPolynomialFactory

Notes

Any sequence of orthogonal polynomials has a recurrence formula relating any three consecutive polynomials as follows:

$P_{i + 1} = (a_i x + b_i) P_i + c_i P_{i - 1}, \quad 1 < i < n$

The recurrence coefficients for the Krawtchouk polynomials come analytically and read:

$\begin{array}{rcl} a_i & = & \displaystyle - \frac{1} {\sqrt{(i + 1) (n - i) p (1 - p)}} \\ b_i & = & \displaystyle \frac{p (n - i) + i (1 - p)} {\sqrt{(i + 1) (n - i) p (1 - p)}} \\ c_i & = & \displaystyle - \sqrt{(1 - \frac{1}{i + 1}) (1 + \frac{1}{n - i})} \end{array}, \quad 1 < i$

where $n$ and $p$ are the parameters of the Binomial distribution.

Warning

The Krawtchouk polynomials are only defined up to a degree $m$ equal to $n - 1$ . Indeed, for $i = n$ , some factors in the denominators of the recurrence coefficients would be equal to zero.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> polynomial_factory = ot.KrawtchoukFactory(3, 0.5)
>>> for i in range(3):
...     print(polynomial_factory.build(i))
1
-1.73205 + 1.1547 * X
1.73205 - 3.4641 * X + 1.1547 * X^2

Methods

`build`(degree)	Build the $k$ -th order orthogonal univariate polynomial.
`buildCoefficients`(degree)	Build the $k$ -th order orthogonal univariate polynomial coefficients.
`buildRecurrenceCoefficientsCollection`(degree)	Build the recurrence coefficients.
`getClassName`()	Accessor to the object's name.
`getId`()	Accessor to the object's id.
`getMeasure`()	Accessor to the associated probability measure.
`getName`()	Accessor to the object's name.
`getNodesAndWeights`(n)	Build the $k$ -th order quadrature scheme.
`getRecurrenceCoefficients`(n)	Accessor to the recurrence coefficients of the $k$ -th order.
`getRoots`(n)	Accessor to the recurrence coefficients of the $k$ -th order.
`getShadowedId`()	Accessor to the object's shadowed id.
`getVisibility`()	Accessor to the object's visibility state.
`hasName`()	Test if the object is named.
`hasVisibleName`()	Test if the object has a distinguishable name.
`setName`(name)	Accessor to the object's name.
`setShadowedId`(id)	Accessor to the object's shadowed id.
`setVisibility`(visible)	Accessor to the object's visibility state.

getN
getP

__init__(*args)¶

build(degree)¶

Build the $k$ -th order orthogonal univariate polynomial.

Parameters

kint, $0 \leq k$: Polynomial order.

Returns

polynomialOrthogonalUniVariatePolynomial: Requested orthogonal univariate polynomial.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> polynomial_factory = ot.HermiteFactory()
>>> print(polynomial_factory.build(2))
-0.707107 + 0.707107 * X^2

buildCoefficients(degree)¶

Build the $k$ -th order orthogonal univariate polynomial coefficients.

Parameters

kint, $0 \leq k$: Polynomial order.

Returns

coefficientsPoint: Coefficients of the requested orthogonal univariate polynomial.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> polynomial_factory = ot.HermiteFactory()
>>> print(polynomial_factory.buildCoefficients(2))
[-0.707107,0,0.707107]

buildRecurrenceCoefficientsCollection(degree)¶

Build the recurrence coefficients.

Build the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal univariate polynomial family up to the $k$ -th order.

Parameters

kint, $0 \leq k$: Polynomial order.

Returns

recurrence_coefficientslist of Point: All the tecurrence coefficients up to the requested order.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> polynomial_factory = ot.HermiteFactory()
>>> print(polynomial_factory.buildRecurrenceCoefficientsCollection(2))
[[1,0,0],[0.707107,0,-0.707107]]

getClassName()¶

Accessor to the object’s name.

Returns

class_namestr: The object class name (object.__class__.__name__).

getId()¶

Accessor to the object’s id.

Returns

idint: Internal unique identifier.

getMeasure()¶

Accessor to the associated probability measure.

Returns

measureDistribution: The associated probability measure (according to which the polynomials are orthogonal).

Notes

Two polynomials P and Q are orthogonal with respect to the probability measure $w(x) \di{x}$ if and only if their dot product:

$\langle P, Q \rangle = \int_{\alpha}^{\beta} P(x) Q(x) w(x)\di{x} = 0$

where $\alpha \in \Rset \cup \{-\infty\}$ and $\beta \in \Rset \cup \{+\infty\}$ .

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> polynomial_factory = ot.HermiteFactory()
>>> print(polynomial_factory.getMeasure())
Normal(mu = 0, sigma = 1)

getName()¶

Accessor to the object’s name.

Returns

namestr: The name of the object.

getNodesAndWeights(n)¶

Build the $k$ -th order quadrature scheme.

Associated with the orthogonal univariate polynomials family.

Parameters

kint, $0 < k$: Polynomial order.

Returns

nodesPoint: The nodes of the $k$ -th order quadrature scheme.
weightsPoint: The weights of the $k$ -th order quadrature scheme.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> polynomial_factory = ot.HermiteFactory()
>>> nodes, weights = polynomial_factory.getNodesAndWeights(3)
>>> print(nodes)
[-1.73205,...,1.73205]
>>> print(weights)
[0.166667,0.666667,0.166667]

getRecurrenceCoefficients(n)¶

Accessor to the recurrence coefficients of the $k$ -th order.

Of the orthogonal univariate polynomial.

Parameters

kint, $0 \leq k$: Polynomial order.

Returns

recurrence_coefficientsPoint: The recurrence coefficients of the $k$ -th order orthogonal univariate polynomial.

Notes

Any sequence of orthogonal polynomials has a recurrence formula relating any three consecutive polynomials as follows:

$P_{-1}=0, P_0=1, P_{n + 1} = (a_n x + b_n) P_n + c_n P_{n - 1}, \quad n > 1$

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> polynomial_factory = ot.HermiteFactory()
>>> print(polynomial_factory.getRecurrenceCoefficients(3))
[0.5,0,-0.866025]

getRoots(n)¶

Accessor to the recurrence coefficients of the $k$ -th order.

Of the orthogonal univariate polynomial.

Parameters

kint, $k > 0$: Polynomial order.

Returns

rootsPoint: The roots of the $k$ -th order orthogonal univariate polynomial.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> polynomial_factory = ot.HermiteFactory()
>>> print(polynomial_factory.getRoots(3))
[-1.73205,...,1.73205]

getShadowedId()¶

Accessor to the object’s shadowed id.

Returns

idint: Internal unique identifier.

getVisibility()¶

Accessor to the object’s visibility state.

Returns

visiblebool: Visibility flag.

hasName()¶

Test if the object is named.

Returns

hasNamebool: True if the name is not empty.

hasVisibleName()¶

Test if the object has a distinguishable name.

Returns

hasVisibleNamebool: True if the name is not empty and not the default one.

setName(name)¶

Accessor to the object’s name.

Parameters

namestr: The name of the object.

setShadowedId(id)¶

Accessor to the object’s shadowed id.

Parameters

idint: Internal unique identifier.

setVisibility(visible)¶

Accessor to the object’s visibility state.

Parameters

visiblebool: Visibility flag.

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