Analytical

class Analytical(*args)

Base class to evaluate the probability of failure of a system.

Parameters:
nearestPointAlgorithmOptimizationAlgorithm

Optimization algorithm used to search the design point.

eventRandomVector

Failure event.

physicalStartingPointsequence of float

Starting point of the optimization algorithm, declared in the physical space.

Notes

Used in reliability analysis, Analytical is a base class for the approximation methods FORM and SORM enabling to evaluate the failure probability of a system. A failure event is defined as follows : \cD_f = \{\vect{X} \in \Rset^n \, | \, g(\vect{X},\vect{d}) \le 0\} where \vect{X} denotes a random input vector representing the sources of uncertainties, \vect{d} is a determinist vector representing the fixed variables. g(\vect{X},\vect{d}) is the limit state function of the model separating the failure domain from the safe domain. Considering f_\vect{X}(\vect{x}) the joint probability density function of the random variables \vect{X}, the probability of failure of the event \cD_f is :

P_f = \int_{g(\vect{X},\vect{d})\le 0}f_\vect{X}(\vect{x})\di{\vect{x}}

The analytical methods use an isoprobabilistic transformation to move from the physical space to the standard normal space (U-space) where distributions are spherical (invariant by rotation by definition), with zero mean, unit variance and unit correlation matrix. The usual isoprobabilistic transformations are the Generalized Nataf transformation and the Rosenblatt one.

In that new U-space, the event has the new expression defined from the transformed limit state function of the model G : \cD_f = \{\vect{U} \in \Rset^n \, | \, G(\vect{U}\,,\,\vect{d}) \le 0\} and its boundary : \{\vect{U} \in \Rset^n \, | \,G(\vect{U}\,,\,\vect{d}) = 0\}. Then, the event probability P_f rewrites :

P_f = \Prob{G(\vect{U}\,,\,\vect{d})\leq 0}
    = \int_{\Rset^n} \boldsymbol{1}_{G(\vect{u}\,,\,\vect{d}) \leq 0}\,f_{\vect{U}}(\vect{u})\di{\vect{u}}

where f_{\vect{U}} is the density function of the distribution in the standard space.

The analytical methods rely on the assumption that most of the contribution to P_f comes from points located in the vicinity of a particular point P^*, the design point, defined in the U-space as the point located on the limit state surface verifying the event of maximum likelihood. Given the probabilistic characteristics of the U-space, P^* has a geometrical interpretation: it is the point located on the event boundary and at minimal distance from the origin of the U-space. Thus, considering \vect{u}^* its coordinates in the U-space, the design point is the result of the constrained optimization problem :

\vect{u}^* = argmin \{||\vect{u}|| \, | \, G(\vect{u}) = 0 \}

Then the limit state surface is approximated in the standard space by a linear surface (FORM) or by a quadratic surface (SORM) at the design point in order to evaluate the failure probability. For more information on this evaluation, see the documentation associated with these two methods.

The result of the optimization problem is recoverable thanks to the method getAnalyticalResult().

The unicity and the strongness of the design point can be checked thanks to the Strong Maximum Test.

An absolute tolerance on the limit state (in the physical space) is implemented to check if the design point found by the algorithm can be used to accurately estimate the failure probability, that is if:

\left| \model(\vect{x}^*) - s\right|\leq \epsilon_t

where \vect{x}^* is the design point, s is the threshold and \epsilon_t is the absolute tolerance. Default value is specified in the nearestPointAlgorithm attribute.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> myFunction = ot.SymbolicFunction(['E', 'F', 'L', 'I'], ['-F*L^3/(3*E*I)'])
>>> myDistribution = ot.Normal([50.0, 1.0, 10.0, 5.0], [1.0]*4, ot.IdentityMatrix(4))
>>> vect = ot.RandomVector(myDistribution)
>>> output = ot.CompositeRandomVector(myFunction, vect)
>>> myEvent = ot.ThresholdEvent(output, ot.Less(), -3.0)
>>> # We create an OptimizationAlgorithm algorithm
>>> myOptim = ot.AbdoRackwitz()
>>> myAlgo = ot.Analytical(myOptim, myEvent, [50.0, 1.0, 10.0, 5.0])

Methods

getAnalyticalResult()

Accessor to the result.

getClassName()

Accessor to the object's name.

getEvent()

Accessor to the event of which the probability is calculated.

getName()

Accessor to the object's name.

getNearestPointAlgorithm()

Accessor to the optimization algorithm used to find the design point.

getPhysicalStartingPoint()

Accessor to the starting point of the optimization algorithm.

hasName()

Test if the object is named.

run()

Perform the research of the design point.

setEvent(event)

Accessor to the event of which the probability is calculated.

setName(name)

Accessor to the object's name.

setNearestPointAlgorithm(solver)

Accessor to the optimization algorithm used to find the design point.

setPhysicalStartingPoint(physicalStartingPoint)

Accessor to the starting point of the optimization algorithm.

__init__(*args)
getAnalyticalResult()

Accessor to the result.

Returns:
resultAnalyticalResult

Result structure which contains the results of the optimisation problem.

getClassName()

Accessor to the object’s name.

Returns:
class_namestr

The object class name (object.__class__.__name__).

getEvent()

Accessor to the event of which the probability is calculated.

Returns:
eventRandomVector

Event of which the probability is calculated.

getName()

Accessor to the object’s name.

Returns:
namestr

The name of the object.

getNearestPointAlgorithm()

Accessor to the optimization algorithm used to find the design point.

Returns:
algorithmOptimizationAlgorithm

Optimization algorithm used to research the design point.

getPhysicalStartingPoint()

Accessor to the starting point of the optimization algorithm.

Returns:
pointPoint

Starting point of the optimization algorithm, declared in the physical space.

hasName()

Test if the object is named.

Returns:
hasNamebool

True if the name is not empty.

run()

Perform the research of the design point.

Notes

Performs the research of the design point and creates a AnalyticalResult, the structure result which is accessible with the method getAnalyticalResult().

setEvent(event)

Accessor to the event of which the probability is calculated.

Parameters:
eventRandomVector

Event of which the probability is calculated.

setName(name)

Accessor to the object’s name.

Parameters:
namestr

The name of the object.

setNearestPointAlgorithm(solver)

Accessor to the optimization algorithm used to find the design point.

Parameters:
algorithmOptimizationAlgorithm

Optimization algorithm used to research the design point.

setPhysicalStartingPoint(physicalStartingPoint)

Accessor to the starting point of the optimization algorithm.

Parameters:
pointsequence of float

Starting point of the optimization algorithm, declared in the physical space.

Examples using the class

Use the post-analytical importance sampling algorithm

Use the post-analytical importance sampling algorithm

Estimate a flooding probability

Estimate a flooding probability

Use the Importance Sampling algorithm

Use the Importance Sampling algorithm

Estimate a buckling probability

Estimate a buckling probability

Use the FORM algorithm in case of several design points

Use the FORM algorithm in case of several design points

Use the FORM - SORM algorithms

Use the FORM - SORM algorithms

Test the design point with the Strong Maximum Test

Test the design point with the Strong Maximum Test

Time variant system reliability problem

Time variant system reliability problem

Create unions or intersections of events

Create unions or intersections of events

Axial stressed beam : comparing different methods to estimate a probability

Axial stressed beam : comparing different methods to estimate a probability

An illustrated example of a FORM probability estimate

An illustrated example of a FORM probability estimate

Using the FORM - SORM algorithms on a nonlinear function

Using the FORM - SORM algorithms on a nonlinear function

Control algorithm termination

Control algorithm termination