# Compare unconditional and conditional histograms¶

In this example, we compare unconditional and conditional histograms for a simulation. We consider the flooding model. Let be a function which takes four inputs , , and and returns one output .

We first consider the (unconditional) distribution of the input .

Let be a given threshold on the output : we consider the event . Then we consider the conditional distribution of the input given that : .

If these two distributions are significantly different, we conclude that the input has an impact on the event .

In order to approximate the distribution of the output , we perform a Monte-Carlo simulation with size 500. The threshold is chosen as the 90% quantile of the empirical distribution of . In this example, the distribution is aproximated by its empirical histogram (but this could be done with another distribution approximation as well, such as kernel smoothing for example).

[1]:

import openturns as ot


Create the marginal distributions of the parameters.

[2]:

dist_Q = ot.TruncatedDistribution(ot.Gumbel(558., 1013.), 0, ot.TruncatedDistribution.LOWER)
dist_Ks = ot.TruncatedDistribution(ot.Normal(30.0, 7.5), 0, ot.TruncatedDistribution.LOWER)
dist_Zv = ot.Uniform(49.0, 51.0)
dist_Zm = ot.Uniform(54.0, 56.0)
marginals = [dist_Q, dist_Ks, dist_Zv, dist_Zm]


Create the joint probability distribution.

[3]:

distribution = ot.ComposedDistribution(marginals)
distribution.setDescription(['Q', 'Ks', 'Zv', 'Zm'])


Create the model.

[4]:

model = ot.SymbolicFunction(['Q', 'Ks', 'Zv', 'Zm'],
['(Q/(Ks*300.*sqrt((Zm-Zv)/5000)))^(3.0/5.0)'])


Create a sample.

[5]:

size = 500
inputSample = distribution.getSample(size)
outputSample = model(inputSample)


Merge the input and output samples into a single sample.

[6]:

sample = ot.Sample(size,5)
sample[:,0:4] = inputSample
sample[:,4] = outputSample
sample[0:5,:]

[6]:

 v0 v1 v2 v3 v4 0 1443.602798325532 30.156613494725274 49.11713595070338 55.59185930777356 2.4439424253360924 1 2174.8898945480146 34.67890291392808 50.764851072298455 55.87647205461956 3.085132426791521 2 626.1023680891167 35.75352992912951 50.03020209989136 54.661879004882564 1.478061905093236 3 325.8123641551359 36.665987740324184 49.026338291130784 55.366752716918725 0.8953760185932061 4 981.3994326290226 41.10229410031924 49.39776320365176 54.84770660838047 1.6954636957219766

Extract the first column of inputSample into the sample of the flowrates .

[7]:

sampleQ = inputSample[:,0]

[8]:

import numpy as np

def computeConditionnedSample(sample, alpha = 0.9, criteriaComponent = None, selectedComponent = 0):
'''
Return values from the selectedComponent-th component of the sample.
Selects the values according to the alpha-level quantile of
the criteriaComponent-th component of the sample.
'''
dim = sample.getDimension()
if criteriaComponent is None:
criteriaComponent = dim - 1
sortedSample = sample.sortAccordingToAComponent(criteriaComponent)
quantiles = sortedSample.computeQuantilePerComponent(alpha)
quantileValue = quantiles[criteriaComponent]
sortedSampleCriteria = sortedSample[:,criteriaComponent]
indices = np.where(np.array(sortedSampleCriteria.asPoint())>quantileValue)[0]
conditionnedSortedSample = sortedSample[int(indices[0]):,selectedComponent]
return conditionnedSortedSample


Create an histogram for the unconditional flowrates.

[9]:

numberOfBins = 10
histogram = ot.HistogramFactory().buildAsHistogram(sampleQ,numberOfBins)


Extract the sub-sample of the input flowrates Q which leads to large values of the output H.

[10]:

alpha = 0.9
criteriaComponent = 4
selectedComponent = 0
conditionnedSampleQ = computeConditionnedSample(sample,alpha,criteriaComponent,selectedComponent)


We could as well use:

conditionnedHistogram = ot.HistogramFactory().buildAsHistogram(conditionnedSampleQ)


but this creates an histogram with new classes, corresponding to conditionnedSampleQ. We want to use exactly the same classes as the full sample, so that the two histograms match.

[11]:

first = histogram.getFirst()
width = histogram.getWidth()
conditionnedHistogram = ot.HistogramFactory().buildAsHistogram(conditionnedSampleQ,first,width)


Then creates a graphics with the unconditional and the conditional histograms.

[12]:

graph = histogram.drawPDF()
graph.setLegends(["Q"])
#
graphConditionnalQ = conditionnedHistogram.drawPDF()
graphConditionnalQ.setColors(["blue"])
graphConditionnalQ.setLegends(["Q|H>H_%s" % (alpha)])

[12]: