MemoizeFunction¶

class MemoizeFunction(*args)¶

Function which keeps tracks of input and output.

When this function is evaluated, it calls the Function passed as argument, and store input and output Sample. It also has a caching behavior, enabled by default.

Parameters:

functionFunction: Delegate function
historyStrategyHistoryStrategy (optional): Strategy used to store points, default is Full.

See also

Function, HistoryStrategy, Full, Last, Compact, Null

Notes

When the function passed as argument is a MemoizeFunction, its input and output history are copied into current instance. This allows to retrieve this history from a Function object which is in fact a MemoizeFunction. Thus, if you create a MemoizeFunction from an unknown Function, it is better to call clearHistory(). The cache size is initialized by the value of the ResourceMap Cache-MaxSize entry.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction('x', 'x^2')
>>> inputSample = ot.Sample([[1], [2], [3], [4]])
>>> f = ot.MemoizeFunction(f)
>>> outputSample = f(inputSample)

Retrieve input sample:

>>> print(f.getInputHistory())
: [ 1 ]
: [ 2 ]
: [ 3 ]
: [ 4 ]

Retrieve output sample:

>>> print(f.getOutputHistory())
: [  1 ]
: [  4 ]
: [  9 ]
: [ 16 ]

Methods

`__call__`(*args)	Call self as a function.
`addCacheContent`(inSample, outSample)	Add input numerical points and associated output to the cache.
`clearCache`()	Empty the content of the cache.
`clearHistory`()	Clear input and output history.
`disableCache`()	Disable the cache mechanism.
`disableHistory`()	Disable the history mechanism.
`draw`(*args)	Draw the output of function as a `Graph`.
`enableCache`()	Enable the cache mechanism.
`enableHistory`()	Enable the history mechanism.
`getCacheHits`()	Accessor to the number of computations saved thanks to the cache mechanism.
`getCacheInput`()	Accessor to all the input numerical points stored in the cache mechanism.
`getCacheOutput`()	Accessor to all the output numerical points stored in the cache mechanism.
`getCallsNumber`()	Accessor to the number of times the function has been called.
`getClassName`()	Accessor to the object's name.
`getDescription`()	Accessor to the description of the inputs and outputs.
`getEvaluation`()	Accessor to the evaluation function.
`getEvaluationCallsNumber`()	Accessor to the number of times the function has been called.
`getGradient`()	Accessor to the gradient function.
`getGradientCallsNumber`()	Accessor to the number of times the gradient of the function has been called.
`getHessian`()	Accessor to the hessian function.
`getHessianCallsNumber`()	Accessor to the number of times the hessian of the function has been called.
`getId`()	Accessor to the object's id.
`getInputDescription`()	Accessor to the description of the input vector.
`getInputDimension`()	Accessor to the dimension of the input vector.
`getInputHistory`()	Get the input sample.
`getMarginal`(*args)	Accessor to marginal.
`getName`()	Accessor to the object's name.
`getOutputDescription`()	Accessor to the description of the output vector.
`getOutputDimension`()	Accessor to the number of the outputs.
`getOutputHistory`()	Get the output sample.
`getParameter`()	Accessor to the parameter values.
`getParameterDescription`()	Accessor to the parameter description.
`getParameterDimension`()	Accessor to the dimension of the parameter.
`getShadowedId`()	Accessor to the object's shadowed id.
`getVisibility`()	Accessor to the object's visibility state.
`gradient`(inP)	Return the Jacobian transposed matrix of the function at a point.
`hasName`()	Test if the object is named.
`hasVisibleName`()	Test if the object has a distinguishable name.
`hessian`(inP)	Return the hessian of the function at a point.
`isCacheEnabled`()	Test whether the cache mechanism is enabled or not.
`isHistoryEnabled`()	Test whether the history mechanism is enabled or not.
`isLinear`()	Accessor to the linearity of the function.
`isLinearlyDependent`(index)	Accessor to the linearity of the function with regard to a specific variable.
`parameterGradient`(inP)	Accessor to the gradient against the parameter.
`setDescription`(description)	Accessor to the description of the inputs and outputs.
`setEvaluation`(evaluation)	Accessor to the evaluation function.
`setGradient`(gradient)	Accessor to the gradient function.
`setHessian`(hessian)	Accessor to the hessian function.
`setInputDescription`(inputDescription)	Accessor to the description of the input vector.
`setName`(name)	Accessor to the object's name.
`setOutputDescription`(outputDescription)	Accessor to the description of the output vector.
`setParameter`(parameter)	Accessor to the parameter values.
`setParameterDescription`(description)	Accessor to the parameter description.
`setShadowedId`(id)	Accessor to the object's shadowed id.
`setVisibility`(visible)	Accessor to the object's visibility state.

__init__(*args)¶

addCacheContent(inSample, outSample)¶

Add input numerical points and associated output to the cache.

Parameters:

input_sample2-d sequence of float: Input numerical points to be added to the cache.
output_sample2-d sequence of float: Output numerical points associated with the input_sample to be added to the cache.

clearCache()¶: Empty the content of the cache.

clearHistory()¶: Clear input and output history.

disableCache()¶: Disable the cache mechanism.

disableHistory()¶: Disable the history mechanism.

draw(*args)¶

Draw the output of function as a Graph.

Available usages:

draw(inputMarg, outputMarg, CP, xiMin, xiMax, ptNb)

draw(firstInputMarg, secondInputMarg, outputMarg, CP, xiMin_xjMin, xiMax_xjMax, ptNbs)

draw(xiMin, xiMax, ptNb)

draw(xiMin_xjMin, xiMax_xjMax, ptNbs)

Parameters:

outputMarg, inputMargint, $outputMarg, inputMarg \geq 0$: outputMarg is the index of the marginal to draw as a function of the marginal with index inputMarg.
firstInputMarg, secondInputMargint, $firstInputMarg, secondInputMarg \geq 0$: In the 2D case, the marginal outputMarg is drawn as a function of the two marginals with indexes firstInputMarg and secondInputMarg.
CPsequence of float: Central point.
xiMin, xiMaxfloat: Define the interval where the curve is plotted.
xiMin_xjMin, xiMax_xjMaxsequence of float of dimension 2.: In the 2D case, define the intervals where the curves are plotted.
ptNbint $ptNb > 0$ or list of ints of dimension 2 $ptNb_k > 0, k=1,2$: The number of points to draw the curves.

Notes

We note $f: \Rset^n \rightarrow \Rset^p$ where $\vect{x} = (x_1, \dots, x_n)$ and $f(\vect{x}) = (f_1(\vect{x}), \dots,f_p(\vect{x}))$ , with $n\geq 1$ and $p\geq 1$ .

In the first usage:

Draws graph of the given 1D outputMarg marginal $f_k: \Rset^n \rightarrow \Rset$ as a function of the given 1D inputMarg marginal with respect to the variation of $x_i$ in the interval $[x_i^{min}, x_i^{max}]$ , when all the other components of $\vect{x}$ are fixed to the corresponding ones of the central point CP. Then OpenTURNS draws the graph: $t\in [x_i^{min}, x_i^{max}] \mapsto f_k(CP_1, \dots, CP_{i-1}, t, CP_{i+1} \dots, CP_n)$ .

In the second usage:

Draws the iso-curves of the given outputMarg marginal $f_k$ as a function of the given 2D firstInputMarg and secondInputMarg marginals with respect to the variation of $(x_i, x_j)$ in the interval $[x_i^{min}, x_i^{max}] \times [x_j^{min}, x_j^{max}]$ , when all the other components of $\vect{x}$ are fixed to the corresponding ones of the central point CP. Then OpenTURNS draws the graph: $(t,u) \in [x_i^{min}, x_i^{max}] \times [x_j^{min}, x_j^{max}] \mapsto f_k(CP_1, \dots, CP_{i-1}, t, CP_{i+1}, \dots, CP_{j-1}, u, CP_{j+1} \dots, CP_n)$ .

In the third usage:

The same as the first usage but only for function $f: \Rset \rightarrow \Rset$ .

In the fourth usage:

The same as the second usage but only for function $f: \Rset^2 \rightarrow \Rset$ .

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> from openturns.viewer import View
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction('x', 'sin(2*pi_*x)*exp(-x^2/2)')
>>> graph = f.draw(-1.2, 1.2, 100)
>>> View(graph).show()

enableCache()¶: Enable the cache mechanism.

enableHistory()¶: Enable the history mechanism.

getCacheHits()¶

Accessor to the number of computations saved thanks to the cache mechanism.

Returns:

cacheHitsint: Integer that counts the number of computations saved thanks to the cache mechanism.

getCacheInput()¶

Accessor to all the input numerical points stored in the cache mechanism.

Returns:

cacheInputSample: All the input numerical points stored in the cache mechanism.

getCacheOutput()¶

Accessor to all the output numerical points stored in the cache mechanism.

Returns:

cacheInputSample: All the output numerical points stored in the cache mechanism.

getCallsNumber()¶

Accessor to the number of times the function has been called.

Returns:

calls_numberint: Integer that counts the number of times the function has been called since its creation.

getClassName()¶

Accessor to the object’s name.

Returns:

class_namestr: The object class name (object.__class__.__name__).

getDescription()¶

Accessor to the description of the inputs and outputs.

Returns:

descriptionDescription: Description of the inputs and the outputs.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                         ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> print(f.getDescription())
[x1,x2,y0]

getEvaluation()¶

Accessor to the evaluation function.

Returns:

functionEvaluationImplementation: The evaluation function.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                         ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> print(f.getEvaluation())
[x1,x2]->[2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6]

getEvaluationCallsNumber()¶

Accessor to the number of times the function has been called.

Returns:

evaluation_calls_numberint: Integer that counts the number of times the function has been called since its creation.

getGradient()¶

Accessor to the gradient function.

Returns:

gradientGradientImplementation: The gradient function.

getGradientCallsNumber()¶

Accessor to the number of times the gradient of the function has been called.

Returns:

gradient_calls_numberint: Integer that counts the number of times the gradient of the Function has been called since its creation. Note that if the gradient is implemented by a finite difference method, the gradient calls number is equal to 0 and the different calls are counted in the evaluation calls number.

getHessian()¶

Accessor to the hessian function.

Returns:

hessianHessianImplementation: The hessian function.

getHessianCallsNumber()¶

Accessor to the number of times the hessian of the function has been called.

Returns:

hessian_calls_numberint: Integer that counts the number of times the hessian of the Function has been called since its creation. Note that if the hessian is implemented by a finite difference method, the hessian calls number is equal to 0 and the different calls are counted in the evaluation calls number.

getId()¶

Accessor to the object’s id.

Returns:

idint: Internal unique identifier.

getInputDescription()¶

Accessor to the description of the input vector.

Returns:

descriptionDescription: Description of the input vector.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                          ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> print(f.getInputDescription())
[x1,x2]

getInputDimension()¶

Accessor to the dimension of the input vector.

Returns:

inputDimint: Dimension of the input vector $d$ .

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                          ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> print(f.getInputDimension())
2

getInputHistory()¶

Get the input sample.

Returns:

inputSampleSample: Input points which have been evaluated.

getMarginal(*args)¶

Accessor to marginal.

Parameters:

indicesint or list of ints: Set of indices for which the marginal is extracted.

Returns:

marginalFunction: Function corresponding to either $f_i$ or $(f_i)_{i \in indices}$ , with $f:\Rset^n \rightarrow \Rset^p$ and $f=(f_0 , \dots, f_{p-1})$ .

getName()¶

Accessor to the object’s name.

Returns:

namestr: The name of the object.

getOutputDescription()¶

Accessor to the description of the output vector.

Returns:

descriptionDescription: Description of the output vector.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                          ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> print(f.getOutputDescription())
[y0]

getOutputDimension()¶

Accessor to the number of the outputs.

Returns:

number_outputsint: Dimension of the output vector $d'$ .

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                          ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> print(f.getOutputDimension())
1

getOutputHistory()¶

Get the output sample.

Returns:

outputSampleSample: Output points which have been evaluated.

getParameter()¶

Accessor to the parameter values.

Returns:

parameterPoint: The parameter values.

getParameterDescription()¶

Accessor to the parameter description.

Returns:

parameterDescription: The parameter description.

getParameterDimension()¶

Accessor to the dimension of the parameter.

Returns:

parameterDimensionint: Dimension of the parameter.

getShadowedId()¶

Accessor to the object’s shadowed id.

Returns:

idint: Internal unique identifier.

getVisibility()¶

Accessor to the object’s visibility state.

Returns:

visiblebool: Visibility flag.

gradient(inP)¶

Return the Jacobian transposed matrix of the function at a point.

Parameters:

pointsequence of float: Point where the Jacobian transposed matrix is calculated.

Returns:

gradientMatrix: The Jacobian transposed matrix of the function at point.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6','x1 + x2'])
>>> print(f.gradient([3.14, 4]))
[[ 13.5345   1       ]
 [  4.00001  1       ]]

hasName()¶

Test if the object is named.

Returns:

hasNamebool: True if the name is not empty.

hasVisibleName()¶

Test if the object has a distinguishable name.

Returns:

hasVisibleNamebool: True if the name is not empty and not the default one.

hessian(inP)¶

Return the hessian of the function at a point.

Parameters:

pointsequence of float: Point where the hessian of the function is calculated.

Returns:

hessianSymmetricTensor: Hessian of the function at point.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6','x1 + x2'])
>>> print(f.hessian([3.14, 4]))
sheet #0
[[ 20          -0.00637061 ]
 [ -0.00637061  0          ]]
sheet #1
[[  0           0          ]
 [  0           0          ]]

isCacheEnabled()¶

Test whether the cache mechanism is enabled or not.

Returns:

isCacheEnabledbool: Flag telling whether the cache mechanism is enabled. It is enabled by default.

isHistoryEnabled()¶

Test whether the history mechanism is enabled or not.

Returns:

isHistoryEnabledbool: Flag telling whether the history mechanism is enabled.

isLinear()¶

Accessor to the linearity of the function.

Returns:

linearbool: True if the function is linear, False otherwise.

isLinearlyDependent(index)¶

Accessor to the linearity of the function with regard to a specific variable.

Parameters:

indexint: The index of the variable with regard to which linearity is evaluated.

Returns:

linearbool: True if the function is linearly dependent on the specified variable, False otherwise.

parameterGradient(inP)¶

Accessor to the gradient against the parameter.

Returns:

gradientMatrix: The gradient.

setDescription(description)¶

Accessor to the description of the inputs and outputs.

Parameters:

descriptionsequence of str: Description of the inputs and the outputs.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                          ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> print(f.getDescription())
[x1,x2,y0]
>>> f.setDescription(['a','b','y'])
>>> print(f.getDescription())
[a,b,y]

setEvaluation(evaluation)¶

Accessor to the evaluation function.

Parameters:

functionEvaluationImplementation: The evaluation function.

setGradient(gradient)¶

Accessor to the gradient function.

Parameters:

gradient_functionGradientImplementation: The gradient function.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                          ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> f.setGradient(ot.CenteredFiniteDifferenceGradient(
...  ot.ResourceMap.GetAsScalar('CenteredFiniteDifferenceGradient-DefaultEpsilon'),
...  f.getEvaluation()))

setHessian(hessian)¶

Accessor to the hessian function.

Parameters:

hessian_functionHessianImplementation: The hessian function.

Examples

>>> import openturns as ot
>>> f = ot.SymbolicFunction(['x1', 'x2'],
...                         ['2 * x1^2 + x1 + 8 * x2 + 4 * cos(x1) * x2 + 6'])
>>> f.setHessian(ot.CenteredFiniteDifferenceHessian(
...  ot.ResourceMap.GetAsScalar('CenteredFiniteDifferenceHessian-DefaultEpsilon'),
...  f.getEvaluation()))